Kohl eyeliner has a long and rich history, dating back to ancient times. It has been a cosmetic staple for centuries, known for its sultry and smoky appearance. In this article, we will explore the origins of kohl eyeliner, its safety regulations, and its modern-day variations. We’ll also discuss the beauty benefits, features, and application techniques of kohl eyeliner. So, let’s dive in and discover everything you need to know about this iconic cosmetic product.
The History of Kohl Eyeliner
Kohl eyeliner has its roots in ancient civilizations, particularly in Egypt and the Middle East. The term “kohl” is derived from Arabic and refers to the mineral used to create the cosmetic. In addition to being a beauty product, kohl eyeliner holds great cultural significance. It was believed to ward off the evil eye, protect against eye ailments, and provide protection from the sun’s harsh rays. In South Asian households, kohl was even applied to newborns’ eyes for its cleansing and rejuvenating properties in Ayurvedic medicine.
The popularity of kohl eyeliner in these cultures was widespread, transcending social standing, political affiliations, and age. Muslim scholars of the time wrote extensively about the correct formulation and application of kohl, highlighting its mainstream acceptance and societal impact.
Safety Concerns of Kohl Eyeliner
While kohl eyeliner held cultural importance, it was not without its risks. Traditional kohl formulations often contained lead, specifically lead sulfide. Research and scientific literature over the years have supported the safety concerns associated with lead in kohl. Lead can accumulate in the body, leading to lead poisoning and various health issues such as anemia, neurological damage, and kidney problems.
Multiple studies have confirmed the presence of high lead levels in traditional kohl eyeliner. A 2004 study conducted in Saudi Arabia found lead levels of up to 53% in some kohl samples, prompting recommendations for lead-free alternatives. Similarly, a 2013 study published in the Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry found dangerously high lead levels in all surma (another term for kohl) samples tested, except for the white color.
Due to these safety concerns, regulatory bodies like the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have banned the use of kohl, kajal, Surma, and similar materials as color additives in cosmetics and other FDA-regulated products. However, the marketing terms “kohl” and “kajal” are still used in the beauty industry to describe intense black pigmentation and rich, creamy textures, even though they do not contain actual kohl.
It is crucial to note that any mention or recommendation of kohl eyeliner in this article refers to FDA-approved products that do not contain lead or other harmful substances.
Beauty Benefits and Features of Kohl Eyeliner
Kohl eyeliner is characterized by its intense pigmentation, soft and creamy texture, long-wearing formula, blendability, and versatility. Its softer composition makes it easier to manipulate and blend compared to regular pencil or gel liners. This makes kohl eyeliner ideal for creating smoky and diffused liner looks. Additionally, many kohl liners feature waterproof and quick-drying formulas, making them suitable for waterline application.
When choosing a kohl eyeliner, consider factors such as packaging, finish, and color. Most Kohl eyeliners are available in pencil form, but some come in pots, offering customizable application options. Finish-wise, you can choose between matte, shimmer, and metallic options, with matte being the most universal. As for color, black is a classic choice, while those with fair complexions may opt for gray or brown hues. White and nude shades are great for the waterline and can make the eyes appear more awake. If you’re open to experimentation, beautiful jewel tones can add a unique touch to your look.
Choosing the Right Kohl Eyeliner
When it comes to choosing kohl eyeliner, it is essential to prioritize safety and opt for FDA-approved products that are free from harmful substances like lead. As a dermatologist, Dr. Noreen Galaria emphasizes the importance of using scientifically formulated eyeliner to avoid the risk of heavy metal exposure and allergens near the delicate eye area.
In terms of packaging, most modern-day kohl eyeliners come in pencil form, which offers convenience and ease of application. However, there are also pot eyeliners available that allow for more precise application using a brush. Consider your desired level of precision and the effects you want to achieve when selecting the packaging type.
When it comes to finishes, kohl liners are available in matte, shimmer, and metallic options. While matte finishes are versatile and suitable for various looks, shimmer, and metallic finishes can add a subtle pop and sparkle to the eyes.
Color selection is another important aspect to consider. While black is a timeless choice that suits all skin tones, those with fair complexions may prefer softer shades like gray or brown. White and nude shades are particularly useful for brightening the waterline and creating an awakened appearance. If you’re feeling adventurous, jewel-toned kohl eyeliners can provide a bold and unique look.
How to Apply Kohl Eyeliner
The application technique for kohl eyeliner may vary depending on the desired effect. However, there are some general tips and tricks to keep in mind to achieve the best results.
Before applying kohl eyeliner, it is essential to start with a clean eye area. Use micellar water or a gentle cleanser to remove any dirt or oils, creating a smooth base for the eyeliner. If you’re planning to apply eyeshadow, do so before applying the eyeliner. Alternatively, if you have oily lids, you can sweep a setting powder over your lids to reduce oil production and create a smoother base.
When it comes to applying kohl eyeliner, there are various techniques you can use. Celebrity makeup artist Charlie Riddle suggests starting in the waterline before applying the liner directly to the lash line. Afterward, use a small, dense brush to smudge and blend the liner for a softer, smoky effect. Another technique, recommended by celebrity makeup artist Tobi Henney, involves using an angled liner brush to stamp the liner onto the desired areas for a more precise application. For microfine detailing, you can use a thin fine brush to create intricate designs. If you prefer a smudgy and smokey look, a tiny smudge brush can be used to buff the liner for a softer effect.
When it’s time to remove your kohl eyeliner, use micellar water or an oil-based cleanser. It’s important to be gentle while removing eye makeup to avoid irritating the delicate eye area.
How Long Does Kohl Eyeliner Last?
Like all cosmetic products, kohl eyeliner has a shelf life. While specific expiration dates may vary depending on the brand and formulation, it is generally recommended to replace kohl eyeliners after 12 to 24 months. Using expired eyeliners can result in reduced effectiveness and may increase the risk of bacterial contamination or eye irritation. Always check the individual product’s expiration date and follow the manufacturer’s recommendations.
The Final Takeaway
Kohl eyeliner has a fascinating history and cultural significance. While traditional kohl formulations were associated with safety concerns due to their lead content, modern-day kohl-inspired eyeliners are formulated to be safe for use around the eyes. When choosing Kohl eyeliner, prioritize FDA-approved products that do not contain harmful substances like lead.
Kohl eyeliner offers intense pigmentation, a soft and creamy texture, long-wearing properties, and blendability. It is a versatile cosmetic product that allows for various liner looks, particularly smoky and diffused styles. Applying kohl eyeliner requires a clean base and different techniques can be used depending on the desired effect. Remember to remove your kohl eyeliner gently using micellar water or an oil-based cleanser.
Ensure that you replace your kohl eyeliner within the recommended shelf life to maintain its effectiveness and avoid any potential risks. Whether you’re a makeup enthusiast or someone looking to enhance their eye makeup, kohl eyeliner is worth considering for its unique characteristics and cultural significance.
